Level of evidence: High
Suitable for ages: 12+ years old (or from early permanent dentition)
Indications: Class II dental malocclusion, protrusive upper incisors, prognathic maxilla
Contraindications: Severe mandible retrognathia, normal or retrusive maxilla, reduced upper lip support
Treatment Objectives and Biomechanics
- Retract upper incisors
- Procline or maintain lower incisors
Appliances
- Fixed appliances
- Clear aligners
